How to Turn Your AR-15 into a 22LR: A Comprehensive Guide
Transforming your AR-15 into a 22LR rifle can be a rewarding project, offering you the versatility of shooting two different calibers from the same firearm. Whether you’re looking to save money on ammunition, increase your practice sessions, or simply enjoy the thrill of shooting a different caliber, this guide will walk you through the process step by step.
Understanding the Basics
Before diving into the conversion process, it’s important to understand the basics of the AR-15 and the 22LR cartridge. The AR-15 is a lightweight, gas-operated, magazine-fed rifle that is popular among hunters, shooters, and recreational users. The 22LR is a rimfire cartridge known for its low recoil, affordability, and small size.
When converting your AR-15 to shoot 22LR, you’ll need to replace the upper receiver with a 22LR-specific upper. This upper receiver will have a different barrel, bolt, and magazine to accommodate the 22LR cartridge.
Picking the Right 22LR Upper Receiver
Choosing the right 22LR upper receiver is crucial for a successful conversion. Here are some factors to consider:
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Barrel Length | Standard lengths are 16 inches and 18 inches. Longer barrels offer better accuracy and velocity, but they may be more difficult to maneuver in tight spaces. |
| Barrel Material | Chromoly steel is the most common material due to its durability and affordability. Stainless steel is also available for corrosion resistance. |
| Barrel Thread Pattern | Check that the thread pattern matches your lower receiver. Common patterns are 1/2×28 and 5/8×24. |
| Barrel Profile | Choose a profile that suits your needs, such as a heavy profile for stability or a light profile for faster follow-up shots. |
Popular 22LR upper receivers include the Ruger 10/22 upper, the Smith & Wesson M&P 15-22 upper, and the Colt 22LR upper.
Installing the 22LR Upper Receiver
Once you’ve chosen your 22LR upper receiver, it’s time to install it on your lower receiver. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
- Remove the existing upper receiver from your lower receiver by removing the takedown lever and bolt.
- Install the new 22LR upper receiver onto the lower receiver, ensuring that the takedown lever and bolt fit properly.
- Attach the 22LR magazine to the magazine well.
- Reinstall the bolt and takedown lever.
- Check the fit and function of the new upper receiver, ensuring that it is properly aligned and that the bolt cycles smoothly.
Upgrading the Bolt and Magazine
While not always necessary, upgrading the bolt and magazine can improve the performance of your 22LR AR-15:
- Bolt: A 22LR-specific bolt is designed to cycle the lighter 22LR rounds more efficiently. Look for bolts with features like a lighter spring and a reduced number of locking lugs.
- Magazine: A 22LR magazine is designed to hold more rounds and cycle them more smoothly. Consider a magazine with a higher capacity and a quick-release latch for easy reloading.
Final Checks and Safety
After completing the conversion, it’s essential to perform a series of final checks to ensure the safety and reliability of your firearm:
- Check the fit and function of the upper receiver, ensuring that the bolt cycles smoothly and the magazine feeds correctly.
- Inspect the barrel for any signs of damage or wear.
- Ensure that the firearm is unloaded and clear of any obstructions before handling.
- Practice shooting with the 22LR AR-15 to familiarize yourself with the new setup and ensure that it functions as expected.
